Effectiveness of Non-Hormonal Treatment on Moderate to Severe Premenstrual Syndrome: A Double Blind Randomized Control Trial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51985/JBUMDC2025721Keywords:
Calcium; Premenstrual Syndrome; Randomized Controlled Trial; Vitamin D; Women’s HealthAbstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of calcium and vitamin D supplementation compared with placebo
in reducing premenstrual symptom severity among female university students.
Study design and Setting: A double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, parallel trial was conducted involving 100
females aged 18 to 40 years diagnosed with PMS at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Avicenna Medical
College Hospital, Lahore
Methodology: Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups: one received vitamin D (50,000 IU every two
weeks) plus calcium (1,000 mg daily), and the other received a placebo for 12 weeks. Premenstrual symptoms were assessed
using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool Adolescent (PSST A). Chi square, Student t test, and repeated measures
ANOVA were applied for analysis using SPSS version 23.
Results: The calcium plus vitamin D group (mean age 25.7 ± 1.53 years) showed significant improvements in anger or
irritability, anxiety or tension, and reduced interest in work (p = 0.04, 0.03, 0.001). Overeating or food cravings improved
(p < 0.001), and physical symptoms and work efficiency improved at 6 months (p = 0.04, 0.01).
Conclusion: Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation significantly alleviated emotional and physical PMS symptoms and
improved work efficiency compared with placebo
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Copyright (c) 2026 Haleema Sadia, Nadia Zahid, Gulfreen Waheed, Sana Navid (Author)
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