Frequency And Shape Of Torus Palatinus In Relation To Age And Gender In Karachi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51985/JBUMDC2018094Keywords:
Torus Palatinus, Bony exostosis, Shapes, Pattern, PrevalenceAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and shape of torus palatinus and to assess its gender and
age-related differences in the population of Karachi, the metropolitan city of Pakistan.
Methodology: This was a cross sectional study with non-probability convenience sampling method conducted at Bahria
University Medical & Dental College (BUMDC), Karachi. The presence of tori was observed by clinical examination and
palpation. The shape was also investigated by presence or absence and classified as flat, spindle and nodular shaped tori.
The data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23. The Chi-square test was used to test
for group differences of sex and age association with the prevalence of tori. Difference between groups with P <0.05 was
considered significant.
Results: A total of 1203 patients were screened in which torus palatinus was found in 141 (11.7%) patients. Present study
findings showed torus palatinus was more prevalent in males 76 (53.9%). It was dominant in 31-60 years of age group
(47.5%) with significant P=0.000. Shapes of torus palatinus were compared with gender in which flat shape was more
frequent in both male and female with significant P-value of 0.015.
Conclusion: Torus Palatinus is a rare bony exostosis of the oral cavity. Even though, it is an asymptomatic anatomical
variation it expresses itself in unique shapes and patterns. The prevalence varies with respect to age and gender.
References
Jainkittivong A, Apinhasmit W, Swasdison S. Prevalence and
clinical characteristics of oral tori in 1,520 Chulalongkorn
University Dental School patients. Surg Radiol Anat
;29:125-31.
Simunkoviæ SK, Boziæ M, Alajbeg IZ, Dulciæ N, Boras VV.
Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in the
Split-Dalmatian County, Croatia. Coll Antropol. 2011.
Al Sebaie D, Alwirikat M. Prevalence of torus palatinus and
torus mandibularis in Jordanian population. Pak Oral Dent
J2011.
Yoshinaka M, Ikebe K, Furuya-Yoshinaka M, Hazeyama T,
Maeda Y.Prevalence of torus palatinus among a group of
Japanese elderly. J Oral Rehabil 2010;37:848-53.
Morphological and clinical characteristics of the torus palatinus
and torus mandibularis in a sample of young and adults'
Romanian people Scrieciu M, et al. 2016)
García-García AS, Martínez-González JM, Gómez-Font R,
Soto-Rivadeneira A, Oviedo-Roldán L. Current status of the
toruspalatinus and torus mandibularis. Med Oral Patol Oral
CirBucal. 2010.
Al Quran FA, Al-Dwairi ZN.Torus palatinus and torus
mandibularis in edentulous patients. J Contemp Dent Pract
JO Agbaje, MO Arowojolu, B Kolude, JO Lawoyin. Torus
Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis in a Nigerian Population.
African J Oral Health 2005.
Torus Palatinus: A New Anatomical Correlation with Bone
Density in Postmenopausal Women. The Journal of Clinical
Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2003;88(5):2081–2086.
Abrams S. Complete denture covering mandibular tori using
three base materials: a case report. J Can Dent Assoc. 2000.
AlZarea BK. Prevalence and pattern of torus palatinus and
torus mandibularis among edentulous patients of Saudi Arabia.
Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2016;11:209-213.
Yildiz E, Deniz M, Ceyhan O. Prevalence of torus palatinus
in Turkish Schoolchildren. Surg Radiol Anat. 2005;27:368–371.
Apinhasmit W, Jainkittivong A, Swasdison S. Torus palatinus
and torus mandibularis in a Thai population. Sci Asia
;28:105–111.
García-García AS, Martínez-González JM, Gómez-Font R,
Soto-Rivadeneira A, Oviedo-Roldán L Med Oral Patol Oral
Cir Bucal. 2010; 15(2):e353-60).
Kerdpo D, Sirirungrojying S. A clinical study of oral tori in
Southern Thailand: prevalence and the relation to parafunctional activity. Eur J Oral Sci. 1999;107:9–13.
Hiremath VK, Husein A, Mishra N. Prevalence of torus
palatinus and torus mandibularis among Malay population.
Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community
Dentistry. 2011;1(2):60-64.
Sonnier KE, Horning GM, Cohen ME. Palatal tubercles,
palatal tori, and mandibular tori: prevalence and anatomical
features in a U.S. population. J Periodontol. 1999;70:329–336.
Sisman Y, Ertas ET, Gokce C, Akgunlu F. Prevalence of torus
palatinus in cappadocia region population of Turkey. Eur J
Dent. 2008;2: 269–275.
Abdul-Ameer, Faiza M.. “Correlation of Prevalence of Torus
Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis with the Form of Maxillary
and Mandibular Arches in Iraqi Population.”; 2016.
Correlation of Prevalence of Torus Palatinus and Torus
Mandibularis with the Form of Maxillary and Mandibular
Arches in Iraqi Population. June 2016.
Sawair FA, Shayyab MH, Al-Rababah MA, Saku T. Prevalence
and clinical characteristics of tori and jaw exostoses in a
teaching hospital in Jordan. Saudi Med J. 2009;30:1557–62.
Patil S, Maheshwari S, Khandelwal SK. Prevalence of torus
palatinus and torus mandibularis in an Indian population.
Saudi J Oral Sci. 2014;1:94–97.
Al-Bayaty HF, Murti PR, Matthews R, Gupta PC. An
epidemiological study of tori among 667 dental outpatients
in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. Int Dent J.
;51:300–304.
Bruce I, Ndanu TA, Addo ME. Epidemiological aspects of
oral tori in a Ghanaian community. Int Dent J. 2004;54:78–82.
Chohayeb AA, Volpe AR. Occurrence of torus palatinus and
mandibularis among women of different ethnic groups. Am
J Dent. 2001;14:278–280.
Correlation of Prevalence of Torus Palatinus and Torus
Mandibularis with the Form of Maxillary and Mandibular
Arches in Iraqi Population. June 2016.
Vaduganathan M, Marciscano AE, Olson KR. Torus palatinus.
Proceedings (Baylor University Medical Center).
;27(3):259.
Mirza D, Hakeem S, Omer SA, Rizvi KF. Frequency of Torus
Palatinus; A Study done in a teaching hospital in Karachi.
Pakistan Oral & Dental Journal, 2013; 33(1):58-62.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Daud Mirza; Saima Mazhar, Sameer Quraeshi, Usman Mahmood, Nasir Jamal Baig, Muhammad Shahrukh Khan Sadiq, Syed Ahmed Omer Mehboo, Saad Uddin Siddiqui
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Journal of Bahria University Medical & Dental College is an open access journal and is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. which permits unrestricted non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0