Association Of Vitamin D Deficiency With Type 2 Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51985/JBUMDC2019080Keywords:
Diabetic, Neuropathy, Vitamin D, Peripheral NeuropathyAbstract
Objective: To determine the association of Vitamin D deficiency with peripheral neuropathy in patients of type-2 Diabetes
mellitus.
Study Design and Setting: It was a cross sectional study conducted in a private clinic in Karachi, during a period of three
months.
Methodology: Total of 70 cases were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Approval was sought from
Ethical review committee. Consent was signed from the patients before the data collection. All the patients who were
coming to the clinic, 30-75years of age, had history of type 2 diabetes for more than 5 year with HbA1c of 7% or above
and had peripheral neuropathy were included. Data was collected in a pre-designed proforma. For entry of data and its
statistical analysis SPSS version 20 was used.
Results: From the total 70 cases n=41(58.5%) were vit D deficient. Most of the patients with type 2 diabetes with neuropathy
were in the age group of 61-75yrs (57%) followed by 46- 60yrs age group (30 %). This study also showed that 30 females
(73%) and 11 males (26.8 %) were deficient in vitamin D.
Conclusion: Type 2 diabetic patients with vitamin D deficiency were more at risk of developing diabetic peripheral
neuropathy (DPN) earlier. It is required to supply vitamin D appropriately for preventing DPN in type 2 diabetes.
References
Miñambres I, Sánchez-Quesada JL, Vinagre I, Sánchez-Hernández J, Urgell E, de Leiva A, et al. Hypovitaminosis D in type 2 diabetes: relation with features of the metabolic syndrome and glycemic control. Endocrine Research. 2015; 40(3): 160-5.
Kostoglou-Athanassiou I, Athanassiou P, Gkountouvas A, Kaldrymides P. Vitamin D and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus type 2. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2013; 4: 122-8.
Teresa Martin, RD, CDE, LD, and R. Keith Campbell, RPh, CDE, FASHP. Vitamin D and Diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum 2011;24(2):113-18.
Rahman S, Majumder AA. Links between Vitamin D deficiency and diabetes associated macro vasculopathy. South East Asia Journal of Public Health 2015;5(2):4-6.
Sheikh A, Saeed Z, Jafri SA, Yazdani I, Hussain SA. Vitamin D levels in asymptomatic adults- a population survey in Karachi, Pakistan. PloS One 2012;7(3):e33452.
Akhtar S. The prevalence and correlates of vitamin D deficiency-perspectives from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016;29(4):1325–30.
Akhtar S. Vitamin D status in South Asian populations – risks and opportunities. Journal of Critical Review in Food Science and Nutrition 2016;56(11):1925–40.
Masood SH, Iqbal MP. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South Asia. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 2008;24(6):891–97.
Mezza T, Muscogiuri G, Sorice GP, Prioletta A, Salomone E, Pontecorvi A, Giaccari A. Vitamin D Deficiency: A New Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes? Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 2012;61(4):337–48.
Riaz H, Finlayson AE, Bashir S, Hussain S, Mahmood S, Malik F, Godman B. Prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in Pakistan; implications for the future. Journal of Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology 2016;9(2):329-38.
Khan H, S, OH, Chowdhury R. Vitamin D, type 2 diabetes and other metabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2013;72(1):89-97.
Afzal S, Bojesen SE, Nordestgaard BG. Low 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study and metanalysis. Journal of Clinical Chemistry. 2013;59(2): 381–91.
Tsur A, Feldman BS, Feldhammer I, Hoshen, M.B, Leibowitz, G., Balicer, R.D. Decreased serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol are associated with increased risk of progression to impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. Diabetes Care 2013 ;36(5): 1361–67.
Pittas, AG, Lau J, Hu FB et al. The role of vitamin D and calcium in type 2 diabetes. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.2007; 92(6):2017–29.
Seham E. Abdelsadek, Entesar O. El Saghier and Sabah I. Abdel Raheem.Serum 25(OH) vitamin D level and its relation to diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery 2018. https://doi.org/10.1186 /s41983-018-0036-9
Holick MF, Binkley NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Gordon CM , Hanley DA , Heaney RP, Murad MH, Weaver CM. Evaluation, treatment anprevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism. 2011;96(7):1911-30
Pittas AG, Nelson J, Mitri J, Hillmann W, Garganta C, Nathan DM, et al. Plasma 25hydroxyvitamin D and progression to diabetes in patients at risk for diabetes: an ancillary analysis in the Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes care. 2012;35(3):565-73.
Guang-Bo Qu , Ling-Ling Wang , Xue Tang , Wei Wu , Ye-Huan Sun GB. Qu et al. The association between vitamin D level and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An update systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology 2017;(9): 25–31.
Qi Zhang, Na Yi, Siying Liu,Hangping Zheng Xiaona Qiao ,Qian Xiong, Xiaoxia Liu, Shuo Zhang , Jie Wen .Easier operation and similar power of 10 g monofilament test for screening diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Journal of International Medical Research 2018; 46(8): 3278–84.
Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. The New England Journal of Medicine NEJM. 2007;357(3):266-81
Kayaniyil S, Retnakaran R, Harris SB et al. Prospective associations of vitamin D with â-cell function and glycemia. the Prospective Metabolism and Islet cell Evaluation (PROMISE) cohort study. Diabetes 2011;60(11):2947–53.
Shehab D, Al-Jarallah K, Mojiminiyi OA, Al Mohamedy H,Abdella NA. Does Vitamin D deficiency play a role in peripheral neuropathy in Type 2 diabetes. 2012; 29(1):43-9.
Almetwazi SM, Noor AO, Almasri DM, Popovici L, Alhawassi T, Albertian KA, Harrington CA. The association of vitamin D deficiency and glucose control among diabetic patients. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 2017;25(8):1179–83.
Ahmadieh H, Azar ST, Lakkis N, Arabi A. Hypovitaminosis D in patients with type 2 diabetes mellites’ relation to disease control and complications. ISRN Endocrinology Oct 2013:641098. doi: 10.1155/2013/641098. eCollection 2013
Usluogullari CA, Balkan F, Caner S, Ucler R, Cafer Kaya C, Ersoy R and Cakir B. The relationship between microvascular complications and vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocrine Disorders 2015 ;9(15):33
Al-Agha AE, Ahmad IA. Association among Vitamin D Deficiency, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Glycemic Control. Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 2015; 6:9. DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.1000594
Gagnon C, Lu ZX, Magliano DJ, et al. Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D, calcium intake, and risk of type 2 diabetes after 5 years: results from a national, population based prospective study (the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study). Diabetes Care 2011; 34 (5): 1133-8.
Mohammed I. Oraby, Mona Abu Srie, Sanaa Abdelshafy, Eman Elfar Diabetic peripheral neuropathy: the potential role of vitamin D deficiency. The Egyptian journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery 2019 55:10.
Sarita Bajaj , raj pratab Singh, NC Dwivedi .Vitamin D levels and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes .olism. 2014;18(4): 537–41.
Jadoon SA, Ahmed A, Alam MA. VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN PAKISTAN: TIP OF ICEBERG. Journal of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad: JAMC 2018;30(1):78-80.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Sehrish Shafique, Rana Ansari, Hamidullah Ariff, Sajid Abbas Jafri
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Journal of Bahria University Medical & Dental College is an open access journal and is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. which permits unrestricted non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 
