Assessment of level of Burnout among Health Professionals in Lahore, Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51985/JBUMDC2023305Keywords:
Burnout, healthcare, stress, risk factorAbstract
Objectives: The prime objective of this study is to access the level of burnout among healthcare professionals using BAT tool. Also, the association of job satisfaction and workload factors is tested with burnout.
Study Design and setting: A cross-sectional multi-centered study in Lahore during the month of August 2022 to Jan 2023. The data was collected from healthcare professionals in three tertiary care hospitals in Lahore. Methodology: The data was collected from clinicians and staff nurses. The required sample size was calculated as 172. Data was collected using Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) proposed by Schaufeli (2020). BAT was initially proposed with 33 items. BAT-S was the proposed 33-item version with four core dimensions and two secondary dimensions. The average score for each dimension was calculated and interpreted as given by Schaufeli in user manual for BAT-S. Results: Exhaustion was high among 55.8% of the participants. Mental distance was high among 34.3% of the participants whereas it was normal among 46.5%. Nearly 90% of the participants were satisfied from their jobs, committed to their jobs and accept responsibilities. Job satisfaction was significantly associated with burnout level. Lack of organizational influence and poor internal communication were statistically significantly related with level of burnout. Conclusion: The study was conducted to highlight the level of burnout among healthcare professionals. We found that very high level of burnout was observed in cognitive impairment followed by emotional impairment. The average level of burnout was more common among participants with job satisfaction and good internal communication.
References
Fitzpatrick B, Bloore K, Blake N. Joy in work and reducing
nurse burnout: from triple aim to quadruple aim. AACN
advanced critical care. 2019;30(2):185-8. DOI: https://doi.org/
4037/aacnacc2019833
Shanafelt TD, Sloan JA, Habermann TM. The well-being of
physicians. The American journal of medicine. 2003 Apr
;114(6):513-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(03)
-7
Freudenberger HJ. Staff burn-out. Journal of social issues.
Jan;30(1):159-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-
1974.tb00706.x
Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach burnout inventory.
Scarecrow Education; 1997.
Friedberg MW, Chen PG, Van Busum KR, Aunon F, Pham
C, Caloyeras J, Mattke S, Pitchforth E, Quigley DD, Brook
RH, Crosson FJ. Factors affecting physician professional
satisfaction and their implications for patient care, health
systems, and health policy. Rand health quarterly. 2014;3(4).
Harry E, Sinsky C, Dyrbye LN, Makowski MS, Trockel M,
Tutty M, Carlasare LE, West CP, Shanafelt TD. Physician
task load and the risk of burnout among US physicians in a
national survey. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality
and Patient Safety. 2021 Feb 1;47(2):76-85. DOI: https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.jcjq.2020.09.011
Li J, Xu J, Zhou H, You H, Wang X, Li Y, Liang Y, Li S, Ma
L, Zeng J, Cai H. Working conditions and health status of
,317 front line public health workers across five provinces
in China during the COVID-19 epidemic: a cross-sectional
study. BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec;21(1):1-4. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-10146-0
Kesarwani V, Husaain ZG, George J. Prevalence and factors
associated with burnout among healthcare professionals in
India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian journal
of psychological medicine. 2020 Mar;42(2):108-15. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4103%2FIJPSYM.IJPSYM_387_19
Majeed F, Liaqat N, Hussain MM, Iqbal A, Hashim I, Saleem
M. Burnout among postgraduate residents using Copenhagen
Burnout Inventory. Journal of Ayub Medical College,
Abbottabad: JAMC. 2022 Jul 1;34(3):463-7. DOI: https://doi.
org/10.55519/jamc-03-9594
Azam K, Khan A, Alam MT. Causes and adverse impact of
physician burnout: a systematic review. J Coll Physicians
Surg Pak. 2017 Aug 1;27(8):495-501.
Irshad M, Ahmad F, Danish SH. Psychosocial working
conditions and Burnout among Healthcare Professionals in
a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. IJEHSR
[Internet]. 22Dec.2022 [cited 6Feb.2023] DOI: https://aeircedu.com/ojs14/index.php/IJEHSR/article/view/880
Schaufeli WB, Desart S, De Witte H. Burnout Assessment
Tool (BAT)—development, validity, and reliability.
International journal of environmental research and public
health. 2020 Dec;17(24):9495. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/
ijerph17249495
Schaufeli, W.B., De Witte, H. & Desart, S. (2019). User
Manual – Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) – Version 2.0. KU
Leuven, Belgium: Internal report. DOI: https://
burnoutassessmenttool. be/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/TestManual-BAT-English-version-2.0-1.pdf
Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach burnout inventory
manual. CPP. Inc., Mountain View, CA. 1996.
Iorga M, Dondas CO, Sztankovszky LZ, Antofie IO. Burnout
syndrome among hospital pharmacists in romania. Farmacia.
Jan 1;66(1):181-6.
Leiter, C.M.S.E.J.M.P. Maslach Burnout Inventory: Manual;
Mind Garden: Menlo Park, CA, USA, 2018.
Golembiewski RT, Munzenrider R, Carter D. Phases of
progressive burnout and their work site covariants: Critical
issues in OD research and praxis. The Journal of applied
behavioral science. 1983 Dec;19(4):461-81. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638301900408
Bakker AB, Demerouti E. Job demands–resources theory:
Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of occupational
health psychology. 2017 Jul;22(3):273. DOI: https://doi.org/
1037/ocp0000056
Edú-Valsania S, Laguía A, Moriano JA. Burnout: A review
of theory and measurement. International journal of
environmental research and public health. 2022 Feb
;19(3):1780. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fijerph19031780
Bouza E, Gil-Monte PR, Palomo E, Cortell-Alcocer M, Del
Rosario G, González J, Gracia D, Moreno AM, Moreno CM,
García JM, Montilla P. Síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo
(burnout) en los médicos de España. Revista Clínica Española.
Aug 1;220(6):359-63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.rce.
02.002
Petitta L, Jiang L. How emotional contagion relates to burnout:
A moderated mediation model of job insecurity and group
member prototypicality. International Journal of Stress
Management. 2020 Feb;27(1):12. DOI: https://psycnet.apa.org/
doi/10.1037/str0000134
Maslach C, Leiter MP. New insights into burnout and health
care: Strategies for improving civility and alleviating burnout.
Medical teacher. 2017 Feb 1;39(2):160-3. DOI: https://doi.org/
1080/0142159x.2016.1248918
Orgambidez A, Almeida H. Core burnout and power in
portuguese nursing staff: An explanatory model based on
structural empowerment. Workplace health & safety. 2019
Aug;67(8):391-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177 /21650799
Kaya Ç, Altýnkurt Y. Role of psychological and structural
empowerment in the relationship between teachers’
psychological capital and their levels of burnout. Egitim ve
Bilim. 2018;43(193). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15390 /EB.
6961
Boland LL, Mink PJ, Kamrud JW, Jeruzal JN, Stevens AC.
Social support outside the workplace, coping styles, and
burnout in a cohort of EMS providers from Minnesota.
Workplace health & safety. 2019 Aug;67(8):414-22. DOI:
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Shehnaz Khan, Noor Shahid, Mehrunnisa Hassan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Journal of Bahria University Medical & Dental College is an open access journal and is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. which permits unrestricted non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0