Abstract:
Free radicals prevail as atoms, molecules or unpaired electrons
being extremely reactive as well as unstable1. They can lead
to chemical reactions alongside different molecules. Having
been originated from constituents like oxygen, sulphur as
well as nitrogen which contribute towards production of
reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species
(RNS), reactive sulphur species (RSS)1.They include
superoxide anion(O2-•), hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•), hydroxyl
radical (•OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen (1
O2), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-
) . Free radical species are formed in the course of plentiful
oxidative metabolic processes in mitochondria 1.
There is extremely mild equilibrium between the making
together with the counteraction of ROS through antioxidants.
As a consequence whenever the equilibrium gravitates towards
over production of ROS then as a sequel to oxidative stress
cells begin deteriorating.