Contemporarily, dental implant is considered as the gold standard for managing complete or partially edentulous patients.
Even though with meagre rates of failure, peri-implantitis is one complication that is worth deciphering. The prevalence
of peri-implantitis is reportedly increasing with time so correct diagnosis is the most important factor for proper management
of peri-implant disease. Regular evaluation and elimination of risk factors (history of periodontitis, poor oral hygiene,
diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, genetic traits, absence of keratinized mucosa and implant surface) are effective
precautions against peri implantitis. The management of peri-implant mucositis is also considered as an important preventive
measure for the onset of peri- implantitis. In addition to aspects of osseointegration, type and structure of the implant surface
are of importance. For the treatment of peri-implant disease multiple conservative and surgical methods are available. To
minimize its detrimental effects, it is important to take a holistic view of the condition. Therefore, this review gives an
overview on the prevalence, etiology, risk factors, prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis.